在多元复合材料中异质结的存在是提高光催化活性的有效途径。因此,人们对构建异质结的设计和电子-空穴分离的机理进行了广泛的研究。目前,被广泛应用于科学研究的异质结体系复合光催化剂种类主要包括半导体/半导体型、贵金属/半导体型、半导体/金属/半导体型。综述了异质结体系复合半导体光催化剂的结构特点,Type1型、Type2型、p-n型、Z-型和肖特基型异质结中光生电子-空穴的转移机理、光催化机理及应用成果。未来的研究方向仍将是为实现更宽的光谱响应范围、提高光诱导电子-空穴对分离效率和太阳能利用效率,对异质结体系复合光催化材料进行设计和优化。
The existence of heterojunctions is an effective way to improve the activity of photocatalysts.Thus,people begin to make an extensive research on the structure of heterojunction and analyze the mechanism of electron-hole separation.At present,the heterojunction composite photocatalyst mainly including semiconductor/semiconductor,noble metal/semiconductor,semiconductor/metal/semiconductor are widely used in scientific research.This article made a conclusion about the structural characteristics of heterojunction composite semiconductor photocatalysts,the mechanism of photoelectron-hole transfer and photocatalytic mechanism as well as applications in Type-1 heterojunctions,Type-2 heterojunctions,p-n type heterojunctions,Schottky type heterojunctions and Z-scheme type heterojunctions.In the future,the direction to the research will still be to design and optimize composite photocatalytic materials for heterojunction systems so that we can achieve a wider range of spectral response and improve the efficiency in both the separation of photoelectron-hole pair and the utilization of solar energy.
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基金资助
辽宁省“兴辽英才”科技创新领军人才项目(XLYC1802057);国家自然科学基金面上项目(21671092)
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